Religion in India is characterized by a diversity of religious beliefs and practices. The Indian subcontinent is the birthplace of four of the world’s major religions namely Hinduism,Buddhism,
Jainism, and Sikhism.Religious diversity and religious tolerance are established by the law; the Constitution of India defines freedom of religion a fundamental right and holds India to be a secular state.According to the 2011 census, 79.8% of the population of India practices Hinduism, 14.2% adheres to Islam, 2.3% adheres to Christianity, 1.7% adheres to Sikhism, 0.7% adheres to Buddhism, and 0.4% adheres to Jainism. Zoroastrianism, Yungdrung Bon, the Baháʼí Faith, Sanamahism, and Judaism also have a history in India, and each has at least several thousand adherents in India.
India has given refuge to followers of persecuted religions across its history. In the post-classical period, sanctuary was granted to Hebrew Jews who fled captivity in Babylonia, Aramaic Christians who fled the Islamic invasion of Syria in the 7th century, and Persian Zoroastrians who fled persecution in Persia in the 9th century following the Muslim conquest of Persia, as a result, India has the largest population of people adhering to Zoroastrianism (i.e. Parsis or Iranis) in the world.In the 20th to 21st centuries, sanctuary was granted to Russian, Persian and Afghan Jews,Christians, Jains, Sikhs, Hindus, and Ahmadiyyas who fled persecution in Pakistan. When the Dalai Lama fled Tibet and took refuge in India after it was invaded by China, many Tibetans followed his example and continue to seek refuge in India
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