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Mathematics (Ganita)
• It includes:
o Arithmetic (Pattin Ganita/Anka Ganita)
o Algebra (Bija ganita)
o Geometry (Rekha Ganita)
o Astronomy (Jyotisa)
o Astrology (Jyotisa)
• Techniques of algebra and concept of zero originated in India.
• Town planning of Harappa.
• Use of geometric patterns can also be found in temples in form of geometrical motifs.
• Sulvasutra written by Baudhayana in 6th century BC.
• ‘Pi’ and some concepts very similar to Pythagoras theorem in the Sulvasutra.
• Pi presently used to calculate the area and circumference of the circle.
• Apastamba in 2nd century BC, introduced concept of practical geometry involving:
o acute angle
o Obtuse angle
o right angle
• This knowledge of angles helped in constructions of fire altars in those times.
Aryabhatta
• Aryabhatta in around 499 AD wrote Aryabhattiya book.
Chapters:
0:00 Science and Technology Through the Ages
0:10 Mathematics (Ganita)
0:28 Arithmetic, Algebra, Geometry, Astronomy, Astrology
0:49 Rekha Ganita
1:17 Sulvasutra written by Baudhayana in 6th century BC
1:27 Apastamba
1:57 Aryabhatta
2:10 Four Sections of Aryabhattiya
2:25 Astronomy also called Khagol Shastra
2:41 Aims of Studying Astronomy
2:52 Jyotisa Part of Aryabhattiya
3:10 Brahmagupta (7th Century)
3:22 Zero Mentioned for the First Time
3:35 Concept of Zero
4:04 Concept of Sunya
4:20 Bhaskaracharya
4:30 Book Siddhanta Shiromani
4:48 Lilavati, Beejganita, Goladhyaya, Grahaganita
5:07 Chakrawat Method or Cyclic Method
6:01 Sawai Jai Singh
6:12 Medicine
6:22 Father of Medicine and Father of Surgery
6:34 God of Medicine Dhanvantari
6:46 Major Bodily Functions Maintained by 5 Winds
8:01 Charak Samhita
8:11 Eight Different Components of Medical Sciences
8:36 Digestion, Metabolism and Immune System
9:00 Ayurvedic System to Tibet and China
9:16 Physics and Chemistry
9:32 Classification of Materials on Earth
9:52 Development of Chemistry Through Experimentations
10:04 Areas of Application of Chemistry
10:30 Nagarjuna
11:56 Ship Building and Navigation
12:09 Classification of Ships
12:30 Samanya (Ordinary Class), Vishesha (Special Class)
12:45 Sanskrit Terminologies
13:04 Sports
13:19 Kalaripayat and Chess
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