Mahāvīra (or Mahaviracharya, "Mahavira the Teacher") was a 9th-century Jain mathematician possibly born in or close to the present day city of Mysore, in southern India. He authored Gaṇitasārasan̄graha (Ganita Sara Sangraha) or the Compendium on the gist of Mathematics in 850 AD. He was patronised by the Rashtrakuta king Amoghavarsha. He separated astrology from mathematics. It is the earliest Indian text entirely devoted to mathematics. He expounded on the same subjects on which Aryabhata and Brahmagupta contended, but he expressed them more clearly. His work is a highly syncopated approach to algebra and the emphasis in much of his text is on developing the techniques necessary to solve algebraic problems. He is highly respected among Indian mathematicians, because of his establishment of terminology for concepts such as equilateral, and isosceles triangle; rhombus; circle and semicircle. Mahāvīra's eminence spread throughout South India and his books proved inspirational to other mathematicians in Southern India.[8] It was translated into the Telugu language by Pavuluri Mallana as Saara Sangraha Ganitamu.He discovered algebraic identities like a3 = a (a + b) (a − b) + b2 (a − b) + b3. He also found out the formula for nCr as [n (n − 1) (n − 2) ... (n − r + 1)] / [r (r − 1) (r − 2) ... 2 * 1]. He devised a formula which approximated the area and perimeters of ellipses and found methods to calculate the square of a number and cube roots of a number. He asserted that the square root of a negative number does not exist.
Archimedes Archimedes was an Ancient Greek mathematician; physicist; engineer; inventor; and astronomer. Although few details of his life are known; he is regarded as one of the leading scientists in classical antiquity. Generally considered the greatest mathematician of antiquity and one of the greatest of all time; Archimedes anticipated modern calculus and analysis by applying concepts of infinitesimals and the method of exhaustion to derive and rigorously prove a range of geometrical theorems; including the area of a circle; the surface area and volume of a sphere; and the area under a parabola.
MahaviracharyaMahāvīra (or Mahaviracharya; "Mahavira the Teacher") was a 9th-century Jain mathematician from Bihar; India. He was the author of Gaṇitasārasan̄graha (or Ganita Sara Samgraha; c. 850); which revised the Brāhmasphuṭasiddhānta.He was patronised by the Rashtrakuta king Amoghavarsha. He separated astrology from mathematics. It is the earliest Indian text entirely devoted to mathematics. He expounded on the same subjects on which Aryabhata and Brahmagupta contended; but he expressed them more clearly.
PythagorasPythagoras made influential contributions to philosophy and religion in the late 6th century BC. He is often revered as a great mathematician and scientist and is best known for the Pythagorean Theorem which bears his name. However; because legend and obfuscation cloud his work even more than that of the other pre-Socratic philosophers; one can give only a tentative account of his teachings; and some have questioned whether he contributed much to mathematics or natural philosophy.
VarahmihiraVarāhamihira also called Varaha or Mihir; was an Indian astronomer; mathematician; and astrologer who lived in Ujjain. He was born in Avanti (India) region; roughly corresponding to modern-day Malwa; to Adityadasa; who was himself an astronomer. Educated at Kapitthaka; he is considered to be one of the nine jewels (Navaratnas) of the court of legendary ruler Yashodharman Vikramaditya of Malwa. Varahamihira's main work is the book Pañcasiddhāntikā dated ca. 575 CE gives us information about older Indian texts which are now lost. Another important contribution of Varahamihira is the encyclopedic Brihat-Samhita.
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लक्ष्मण राव माधव राव इनामदार, (19 सितंबर 1917 - 1985) लोकप्रिय रूप से वकिल साहब के रूप में जाने जाते हैं, गुजरात में आरएसएस के संस्थापक पिता में से एक थे। उन्हें भारतीय प्रधानमंत्री नरेंद्र मोदी जी को आरएसएस के स्वयंसेवक (जूनियर कैडेट) के रूप में शामिल करने और मोदी के राजनीतिक गुरु बनने का श्रेय दिया जाता है।इनामदार को आरएसएस में नरेंद्र मोदी जी के करियर को आकार देने का श्रेय दिया जाता है। जब मोदी जी आरएसएस प्रचारक बने, इनामदार गुजरात के प्रांत प्रचारक थे। माना जाता है कि मोदी जी और इनामदार जी ने एक विशेष बंधन साझा किया है। नरेंद्र मोदी के अनुसार, इनामदार एकमात्र व्यक्ति थे, जिन्होंने कभी व्यक्तिगत मामलों पर विश्वास किया था। इनामदार को राजनीति विज्ञान में बीए कार्यक्रम में शामिल होने के लिए मोदी जी को राजी करने का श्रेय दिया जाता है,
स्वामी विवेकानंद का भारत में अवतरण उस समय हुआ; जब हिंदू धर्म के अस्तित्व पर संकट के बादल मँडरा रहे थे। पंडा-पुरोहित तथा धर्म के ठेकेदारों के कारण हिंदू धर्म घोर आडंबरवादी तथा पथभ्रष्ट हो गया था। ऐसे विकट समय में स्वामीजी ने हिंदू धर्म का उद्धार कर उसे उसकी खोई प्रतिष्ठा पुन: दिलाई। मात्र तीस वर्ष की आयु में स्वामी विवेकानंद ने शिकागो के विश्वधर्म सम्मेलन में हिंदू धर्म का परचय लहराया और भारत को विश्व के आध्यात्मिक गुरु का स्थान दिलाया।स्वामीजी केवल संत ही नहीं थे; बल्कि एक प्रखर देशभक्त; ओजस्वी वक्ता; गंभीर विचारक; मनीषी लेखक और परम मानव-प्रेमी भी थे। मात्र उनतालीस वर्ष के अपने छोटे से जीवनकाल में उन्होंने जो काम कर दिखाए; वे आनेवाली पीढ़ियों का शताब्दियों तक मार्गदर्शन करते रहेंगे।कवींद्र रवींद्र ने एक बार कहा था—“यदि भारत को जानना चाहते हो तो विवेकानंद को पढ़िए।” हिंदू समाज में फैली कुरीतियों का घोर विरोध करते हुए स्वामीजी ने आह्वान किया था—“उठो; जागो और स्वयं जागकर औरों को जगाओ। अपने नर-जन्म को सफल करो और तब तक रुको नहीं जब तक कि लक्ष्य प्राप्त न हो जाए।” हमें विश्वास है; ऐस किसी विलक्षण तपस्वी के गुणों को आत्मसात् कर अपना तथा राष्ट्र का कल्याण किया जा सकता है—इसी विश्वास को बल देती है एक अत्यंत प्रेरणादायी पुस्तक—‘युगद्रष्टा स्वामी विवेकानंद’।
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